Thomsonite

Orthorhombic  Images    

   
   
  Formula Ca2NaAl5Si5O20 ∙ 6H2O
  Optic class & sign Biaxial positive
  Optical orientation X = a, Y = c, Z = b
  Optical plane (001)
  Relief Low-negative
  Refractive indices nx = 1.497 -1.530
ny = 1.513 -1.533
nz = 1.518 -1.545
n increases with substitution of CaAl for NaSi
  Birefringence   (max.)0.015  - 0.021
   Δn increases with substitution of CaAl for NaSi
  Optic Angle 2Vx
2Vz = 42 - 75°
  Sign of elongation Length-slow, l (+) and length-fast l (-) as c = Y
  Interference figure In sections ∥c melatopes are aligned orthogonal to c
  Colour /   pleochroism Colourless
  Zoning 

  Form  Habit Fibrous to columnar, radiating or parallel-grown aggregates
  Surface 
  Cleavage {010}, {100}
  Twinning Rare
  Extinction Straight to traces of prism faces and cleavage in prismatic sections; straight to traces of [100} and {010} faces and cleavage sets in sections ⊥c

  Reaction textures  Replaces nepheline and Ca-rich plagioclase
  Alteration /   decomposition Montmorillonite clays; relatively stable under surface conditions

  Occurence     Ign 
  Met Contact-metamorphic limestone
  Sed Lacustrine and marine sediments
  Hyd Cavities (vesicles, amygdales, fractures) in mafic volcanic rocks, hydrothermally altered rocks
  Other 

  Distinctive   properties               
  Additional   comments n-Δn chart: Edi – edingtonite, Gon – gonnardite, Lmt – laumontite, Mes – mesolite, Mor – mordenite, Ntr – natrolite, Sco – scolecite, Thm - thomsonite